Mix salt, coriander, cumin, turmeric, paprika, and cayenne pepper together in a small bowl.
Place chicken in a large bowl. Add 1/2 of the spice blend and mix until chicken is thoroughly coated.
Heat oil in the heavy pot over high heat. Add 1/2 of the chicken and cook until browned on all sides, 5 to 7 minutes. transfer to a bowl and repeat with the remaining chicken.
Reduce the heat to medium, add onion to the chicken drippings, and saute for 1 to 2 minutes.
Add garlic and ginger; cook until fragrant, about 1 minute.
Add remaining spice blend; cook and stir for 1 minute.
Pour in chicken broth; add browned chicken plus accumulated juices.
Stir in the peanut butter and ketchup, bring to a simmer.
Reduce the heat to maintain a gentle, steady simmer. Simmer, stirring occasionally, for 30 minutes.
Stir in butternut squash, and 1/2 cup peanuts; continue to simmer until chicken juices run clear and squash is fork-tender, 30 to 40 minutes. Remove from the heat.